Titanium Grade 2 (Commercially Pure): Corrosion Resistance & Industrial Applications
ASTM B265 / ASTM B348 · Published: 2026-06-01 · Updated: 2026-06-02
Titanium Grade 2 is commercially pure (CP) unalloyed titanium with 99.2% minimum titanium content, providing the optimal balance between corrosion resistance, formability, and moderate strength for industrial applications. Unlike aerospace...
Titanium Grade 2 is commercially pure (CP) unalloyed titanium with 99.2% minimum titanium content, providing the optimal balance between corrosion resistance, formability, and moderate strength for industrial applications. Unlike aerospace titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V Grade 5) which are optimized for specific strength, Grade 2 is selected for its corrosion resistance in oxidizing environments: seawater, chlorides (wet chlorine gas, hypochlorite solutions), nitric acid, and chlorine dioxide bleaching solutions. Titanium's corrosion resistance derives from a spontaneously formed, self-healing TiO2 passive film that is stable across a wider pH and potential range than the Cr2O3 film on stainless steels. This makes Grade 2 the standard material for chemical process heat exchangers handling chlorides, desalination plant tubing, and pulp & paper bleach plant equipment.
Grade 2 is the most widely used CP titanium grade because it offers the best combination of formability and strength: yield strength 275 MPa vs 170 MPa for Grade 1 (softest, deepest drawability) and 380 MPa for Grade 3 (strongest CP grade, reduced formability). It is weldable with matching filler (ERTi-2) — the weld zone and HAZ have similar corrosion resistance to the base metal because there are no alloying elements to segregate during welding. For applications above 300°C, CP titanium grades are not recommended due to surface oxidation and embrittlement — specify Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) or Grade 7 (Ti-Pd) for elevated temperature service.
Quick Facts
| Category | Titanium Alloy |
| Standard | ASTM B265 / ASTM B348 |
| Density | 4510 kg/m³ |
| Yield Strength | 275-345 MPa (annealed) |
| Tensile Strength | 345-450 MPa |
Global Equivalents & Cross-Reference
| Alternative Standard / Grade | Action |
|---|---|
| UNS R50400 | Compare |
| EN 3.7035 Ti-Pd02 | Compare |
| CP Titanium Grade 2 | Compare |
Related Materials
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Frequently Asked Questions
Why use titanium Grade 2 instead of 316L for seawater heat exchangers?
316L is susceptible to crevice corrosion and pitting in stagnant seawater at temperatures above 25°C. Titanium Grade 2 is immune to seawater corrosion at all temperatures up to 80°C — there is zero pitting, zero crevice corrosion, and zero stress corrosion cracking. The 3-5× cost premium for titanium is recovered through longer service life, thinner tube walls (higher heat transfer efficiency), and elimination of unscheduled shutdowns for tube replacement.
References & International Standards
- ASTM International. Standard Specifications for Steel & Metal Alloys. astm.org
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Metallic Materials — Cross-Reference Database. iso.org
- American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). Steel Grade Designations & Equivalents. steel.org
- European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN Steel Standards & Numbering System. cencenelec.eu