S235JR Carbon Steel: European Basic Structural Grade
EN 10025-2:2019 · Published: 2026-05-25 · Updated: July 2026
S235JR is the entry-level structural steel in the EN 10025 standard family, directly comparable to the former German St37-2 designation. With 235 MPa minimum yield strength, it is specified for general construction, non-critical welded...
S235JR is the entry-level structural steel in the EN 10025 standard family, directly comparable to the former German St37-2 designation. With 235 MPa minimum yield strength, it is specified for general construction, non-critical welded structures, and secondary framing where strength requirements are modest. Excellent formability for cold bending and folding, good galvanizing response, and straightforward welding with E6013/E7018 electrodes. The JR grade guarantees 27 Joules impact energy at +20°C, suitable for indoor and temperate-climate outdoor structures.
Quick Facts
| Category | Carbon Steel |
| Standard | EN 10025-2:2019 |
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Yield Strength | 235 MPa (34 ksi) |
| Tensile Strength | 360-510 MPa (52-74 ksi) |
Global Equivalents & Cross-Reference
| Alternative Standard / Grade | Action |
|---|---|
| ASTM A283 | Compare |
| Q235 | Compare |
| SS400 | Compare |
| St37-2 | Compare |
| E235 | Compare |
Related Materials
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Frequently Asked Questions
Is S235JR still commonly used in modern construction?
S235JR is increasingly being replaced by S275JR in primary structural applications due to S275's 17% higher strength at minimal cost premium. However, S235 remains widely used for secondary members (purlins, girts, bracing), non-structural steel (handrails, staircases, grating), and applications where stiffness rather than strength governs the design. Its excellent cold formability also makes it preferred for complex folded plate and cold-formed steel sections.
References & International Standards
- ASTM International. Standard Specifications for Steel & Metal Alloys. astm.org
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Metallic Materials — Cross-Reference Database. iso.org
- American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). Steel Grade Designations & Equivalents. steel.org
- European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN Steel Standards & Numbering System. cencenelec.eu