ASTM A36 Carbon Steel: Properties, Equivalents & Applications
ASTM A36/A36M
ASTM A36 is the most widely used hot-rolled structural carbon steel in North America, containing 0.25-0.29% carbon with manganese, phosphorus, and sulfur. It provides an optimal balance of strength, weldability, and machinability at low cost, making it the default material for building frameworks, bridges, and general fabrication. A36 plates and shapes are readily available in thicknesses up to 200 mm and accept all common welding processes without preheating for sections under 20 mm.
Quick Facts
| Category | Carbon Steel |
| Standard | ASTM A36/A36M |
| Density | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Yield Strength | 250 MPa (36 ksi) |
| Tensile Strength | 400-550 MPa (58-80 ksi) |
Global Equivalents & Cross-Reference
| Alternative Standard / Grade | Action |
|---|---|
| Q235 | |
| S275JR | |
| SS400 | |
| E250 | |
| St37-2 |
🧮 Material Weight Calculator
Calculate the weight based on this material's density: 7.85 g/cm³
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between ASTM A36 and A572 Grade 50?
ASTM A36 has a minimum yield strength of 250 MPa (36 ksi), while A572 Grade 50 offers 345 MPa (50 ksi) minimum yield—approximately 38% stronger. A572 Gr 50 also has tighter chemistry controls with micro-alloying elements (niobium, vanadium) for improved strength-to-weight ratio.
Can ASTM A36 be used for pressure vessels?
No. ASTM A36 is not approved for pressure vessel construction. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code requires materials with certified elevated-temperature properties such as SA-516 Gr 70. Using A36 for pressure-containing applications violates code and creates safety hazards.